30 de mayo de 2009

No olvidaremos el valor de Víctor Jara!

La escalofriante confesión del asesino de Víctor Jara

  • Un autor material del asesinato del cantautor confiesa y apunta a otros culpables
  • Señala al ex oficial Nelson Haase como 'El Príncipe', el autor intelectual
  • Gracias a su confesión se han reconstruido los momentos anteriores y posteriores al crimen

Por EUGENIA REDONDO (SOITU.ES)

Si el asesinato del cantautor chileno Víctor Jara fuera un rompecabezas, la detención hace unas horas de uno de los soldados que presuntamente apretó el gatillo aquel día sería la pieza magistral, la que pone la resolución en bandeja. La noticia, desvelada ayer por La Nación, de que el ex conscripto (soldado recibiendo instrucción militar obligatoria), José Adolfo Paredes Márquez, detenido días antes junto a su compañero Francisco Quiroz Quiroz, era procesado por la muerte de Jara, ha conlvusionado a la sociedad chilena y ha precipitado una investigación varada después de 36 años. Quién iba a decir que hace tan sólo unos meses un juez desganado estuvo a punto de cerrar para siempre el caso con un solo procesado, el comandante César Manríquez Bravo, jefe del improvisado campo de prisioneros que se instaló en el Estadio de Santiago de Chile durante los primeros meses de la dictadura de Pinochet en 1973. Paredes Márquez, no sólo ha confesado que participó en el crimen, sino que ha dado nombres y relatado lo que ocurrió aquella noche del 15 de septiembre.

Tres mil personas corrieron la misma suerte que el autor de 'Te recuerdo Amanda'.

Cristóbal Peña, miembro del Centro de Investigación Periodística (CIPER) y experto en el caso de Víctor Jara, considera que hay que ser "cautos" a la hora de analizar estos acontecimientos, ya que se trata de un caso que "ha durado muchos años y ha pasado por las manos de varios jueces", a pesar de que, como señala Peña, es uno de los asesinatos que "ha contado con más testigos" de la historia (en referencia a las 5.000 personas que estaban retenidas en el Estadio de Chile en esos momentos). Sin embargo, no niega la importancia del hito ya que "es la primera vez que se acusa a un involucrado directo" en la muerte de Jara, aunque sólo se trate del "último eslabón de la cadena", ya que sólo así se han conseguido resolver los casos de Derechos Humanos.

A pesar de la cautela mostrada en los primeros momentos por todos los conocedores del caso, los resultados de esta detención han sido impresionantes y, en menos de un día, han permitido reconstruir las últimas horas del mítico cantautor y, lo más importante, dar un paso más hacia 'El príncipe', un personaje envuelto en una nebulosa de realidad y leyenda, al que se le atribuye la orden de torturar y acribillar a Víctor Jara debido a sus ideas políticas.

A partir de la declaración de Paredes y otros conscriptos, unido a otros testimonios, entre ellos el de Joan Turner, viuda de Jara, el CIPER ha reconstruido lo que ocurrió antes y después del asesinato, que hoy está más cerca de resolverse. Paredes confiesa que, estando como centinela en una habitación de la cárcel del estadio, vio llegar a los prisioneros y, detrás de ellos, a un teniente, Nelson Edgardo Haase, y a otro subteniente. También presenció las torturas y vejaciones a las que fue sometido, ensañándose en especial con sus manos, con las que tocaba la guitarra. El ex conscripto detenido sostiene que "fue testigo del minuto preciso en que el mismo subteniente comenzó a jugar a la ruleta rusa con su revólver apoyado en la sien del cantautor".

Según su relato, el disparo le atravesó el cráneo y lo dejó al borde de la muerte. Fue entonces cuando el subteniente le ordenó a él y a otros compañeros que vaciaran sus cargadores en el cuerpo de Jara. En su autopsia se contabilizaron hasta 44 heridas de bala, que le remataron. En su confesión, Paredes asegura que "todo lo que ocurrió fue presenciado por Nelson Haase, quien se encontraba sentado detrás del escritorio de interrogación. Pocos minutos después, el mismo subteniente que le disparó en la cabeza solicitó el retiro del cuerpo. Llegaron unos enfermeros con camilla, lo levantaron y metieron al interior de una bolsa y luego lo cargaron hasta la parte trasera de un vehículo militar estacionado en el patio trasero del recinto, al costado nororiente", recoge el CIPER en un artículo.

La prensa chilena sostiene que José Alfonso Paredes Márquez, de 55 años, puso mucha resistencia a su confesión. Sin embargo, una vez que se derrumbó ante el juez contó, en tiempo récord, todo lo que había mantenido en secreto durante más de tres décadas, ocultándoselo incluso a su propia esposa. "También hizo una aclaración ante el juez: durante los días posteriores al golpe, y como trabajaban casi 24 horas al día, la oficialidad les entregaba estimulantes para evitar el sueño y el hambre, por lo cual su relato podía no ser exacto en las fechas", explica el CIPER.

La figura del 'Príncipe': una leyenda desdibujada

Haase, el supuesto 'Príncipe'.

Pero, a pesar de la magnitud de la confesión, lo cierto es que, por ahora, Paredes, que en el momento del asesinato contaba con 18 años, es el único implicado. "No tengo la sensación de que un joven de 18 años pueda tener toda la culpa", aseguraba ayer Joan Turner tras conocer los hechos. En la misma línea se pronunciaba el abogado de la acusación, Nelson Caucoto. "No es nuestro interés perseguir a los conscriptos, y a mí me interesa dejarlo muy claro, los conscriptos son una parte dentro de todo el eslabón, que es la parte más débil y más vulnerable y a quienes no podemos hacer responsables, a mí me interesan los jefes", entre los que se encontraría 'El Príncipe'.

El mito acerca de un desalmado oficial del Ejército, fornido, de más de 1,80 metros de alto, con ojos claros y pelo rubio, ha crecido a lo largo de los años. El apodo vendría supuestamente de una anécdota ocurrida en el Estadio de Chile en los días posteriores al golpe, cuando el alto mando militar habría asegurado que no necesitaba micrófono para referirse a los más de 5.000 presos, porque tenía "voz de príncipe".

En estos años, la identidad del sujeto ha sido atribuida a varios ex militares que tuvieron alguna relación con la prisión política que se instaló en el estadio chileno. Algunas acusaciones cobraron tanta fuerza que, en los últimos años, se daba casi por hecho que 'El Príncipe' era el soldado Edwin Dimter Bianchi, cuyas características físicas se correspondían con las del cruel personaje. En respuesta a estos señalamientos, el mismo Dimter se encargó de dar pistas de otros oficiales del ejército con rasgos parecidos a él. Uno de ellos fue precisamente Haase Mazzei, hoy ya considerado como el autor intelectual del asesinato.

Demostrar su culpabilidad podría ser difícil ya que, para empezar, él lo niega. "Yo nunca estuve en el Estadio Chile y no conozco a ese caballero", sostuvo en una entrevista en el diario La Nación. Según él, el día de la muerte de Víctor Jara, estaba en el sur del país.

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